Mcintyre, Jane L. · 2009
Hume and the Problem of Personal Identity
Mcintyre, Jane L. (2009). “Hume and the Problem of Personal Identity.” In The Cambridge Companion to Hume, ed. Norton, David Fate; Taylor, Jacqueline Anne.
87
citations of the Treatise
201
paragraphs reached
29%
focus on the core paragraphs
4.26
surprise of rarest citation
Ranges beyond the core passages, through commonly cited ones.
Theme mix
Self and the passions 1%Causation and the Appendix problem 4%Body and the external world 12%Immateriality of the soul 83%
Themes are fitted on citations outside 1.4.6 and the Appendix, which nearly every paper cites.
Its rarest citations
- T 2.3.6.2 no other paper reaches it
- T 1.4.5.12 n44 13 other papers reach it
- T 1.4.5.16 14 other papers reach it
Nearest papers
- Thiel 2011 similarity 0.95
The Early Modern Subject Self-Consciousness and Personal Identity From Descartes to Hume - McIntyre 2003 similarity 0.92
So Great a Question A Critical Study of Raymond Martin and John Barresi - Noonan 2012 similarity 0.91
The Self and Personal Identity - Pitson 2013 similarity 0.87
Skeptical Realism and Hume on the Self - Robison 1974 similarity 0.84
Hume on Personal Identity
Against the corpus
Where it cites the Treatise
Fewer citesmorenot citedone of the 15 core paragraphsfootnote
Book 1: Of the Understanding
Part 1: Of Ideas, their Origin, Composition, Connexion, Abstraction, &c
Part 2: Of the ideas of space and time
Part 3: Of knowledge and probability
Part 4: Of the Sceptical and other systems of philosophy
Book 2: Of the Passions
Part 1: Of Pride and Humility
Part 2: Of love and hatred
Part 3: Of the will and direct passions
Book 3: Of Morals
Part 1: Of Virtue and Vice in general
Appendix
The evidence
Every citation the pipeline accepted, with the words around it. “Citation pattern” means a standard Norton or Selby-Bigge reference; “quote matched” means the quoted words were found in the Treatise at that page; “checked by model” means a language model judged an ambiguous page number to be a Treatise citation.
| Cited as | Maps to | Context |
|---|---|---|
| T 1.4.6.15 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.15 | …nd, where all the abstruser sciences are study'd with a peculiar ardour and application" (T 1.4.6.15). Hume's own explan… |
| T 1.4.6.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.6 | … 1726 and refers to The Moralists in the discussion of personal identity in a footnote to T 1.4.6.6. For details concer… |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …ositions Collins had defended found a congenial home in Hume's Treatise. ## ii. treatise 1.4.5 and hume's account … |
| Treatise 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …d hume's account of the self Hume's extended account of the nature of the self begins in Treatise 1.4.5, "Of the immaterial… |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | … the central questions debated by Clarke and Collins. Of course, even before they reached 1.4.5, readers of the Tre… |
| Treatise 1.4.2 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2 (65 paragraphs) | …rs of the Treatise could not be in much doubt about the broad outline of Hume's position. Treatise 1.4.2, Of scepticism with… |
| T 1.4.2.39 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2.39 | …ations, and suppos'd, tho' falsly, to be endow'd with a perfect simplicity and identity" (T 1.4.2.39). Hume's opening a… |
| Treatise 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …endow'd with a perfect simplicity and identity" (T 1.4.2.39). Hume's opening argument in Treatise 1.4.5 continues the criti… |
| T 1.1.1.7 Citation pattern | T 1.1.1.7 | …ns of Treatise 1.4. Every simple idea must be derived from a precedent simple impression (T 1.1.1.7). However, the "cur… |
| T 1.4.5.2, 5-6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (3 paragraphs) | … "Whether perceptions inhere in a material or immaterial substance" is devoid of meaning (T 1.4.5.2, 5-6). 15 Clarke, Works… |
| T 1.4.5.17-25 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (9 paragraphs) | …f the immateriality of the soul hold a theory indistinguishable from that of Spinoza (see T 1.4.5.17-25), whom they reviled… |
| T 1.4.5.7 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.7 | …are "qualities wholly incompatible, and never can incorporate together into one subject" (T 1.4.5.7). In the light of h… |
| T 1.4.5.10 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.10 | …, desires, moral reflections, smells, sounds, and tastes can exist "and yet be no where" (T 1.4.5.10). These perceptions… |
| T 1.4.5.15 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.15 | …agree to it. To say the idea of extension agrees to any thing, is to say it is extended" (T 1.4.5.15). Since there are e… |
| T 1.4.5.29-30 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (2 paragraphs) | …inly conclude, that motion may be, and actually is, the cause of thought and perception" (T 1.4.5.29-30). Hume acknowledged… |
| T 1.4.5.32-3 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (2 paragraphs) | …extended or unextended; there being some of them of the one kind, and some of the other" (T 1.4.5.32-3). As Hume has just … |
| Treatise 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …e of perceptions is no obstacle to their standing in causal relations to each other. Thus Treatise 1.4.5 ends having establi… |
| 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …ation for the discussion of personal identity that immediately follows. ## iii. treatise 1.4.6: personal identity … |
| T 1.4.5.4 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.4 | …ressed those philosophers who claim "that we have an idea of the substance of our minds" (T 1.4.5.4), without direct di… |
| Treatise 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …on of their views concerning the existence of the mind over time. The opening sentence of Treatise 1.4.6 signals an expanded… |
| T 1.4.6.1-4 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (4 paragraphs) | …ferent; whatever natural propension we may have to imagine that simplicity and identity" (T 1.4.6.1-4). 19 This last sent… |
| T 1.4.6.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.5 | …ossest of an invariable and uninterrupted existence thro' the whole course of our lives" (T 1.4.6.5). Hume thus recasts… |
| 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | … acknowledged that this is a part of the problem of personal identity, but he does not in 1.4.6 address the problem… |
| T 1.3.9.13, 1 Citation pattern | T 1.3.9 (2 paragraphs) | …n life 'tis evident these ideas of self and person are never very fix'd nor determinate" (T 1.3.9.13, 1.4.2.6). 18 As the … |
| T 1.1.5.4 Citation pattern | T 1.1.5.4 | …g the nature and foundation of personal identity, which shall find its place afterwards" (T 1.1.5.4). Of course, Hume a… |
| T 1.4.2.39 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2.39 | …that the mind is falsely supposed "to be endow'd with a perfect simplicity and identity" (T 1.4.2.39). Hume's approach … |
| Treatise 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …em of personal identity can therefore be summed up in the following way: the arguments of Treatise 1.4.5 show that the mind … |
| T 1.4.6.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.6 | …o imagine something unknown and mysterious, connecting the parts, beside their relation" (T 1.4.6.6). Hume analyzes th… |
| T 1.4.6.8-12 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (5 paragraphs) | …becomes a man, and is sometimes fat, sometimes lean, without any change in his identity" (T 1.4.6.8-12). Personal identit… |
| T 1.4.6.15-17 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (3 paragraphs) | …led up to it. This feeling of easy transition creates "our notions of personal identity" (T 1.4.6.15-17). Of the three rel… |
| T 1.4.6.18 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.18 | …duces personal identity "by producing the relation of resemblance among the perceptions" (T 1.4.6.18). Memory, however,… |
| T 1.1.2.1, 1 Citation pattern | T 1.1.2.1 | …; beliefs influence the passions, and passions figure among the sources of other beliefs (T 1.1.2.1, 1.3.10.3-4). The cent… |
| T 2.1.5 Citation pattern | T 2.1.5 (11 paragraphs) | …double association of impressions and ideas that involves both causation and resemblance (T 2.1.5). For Hume, "the tr… |
| T 1.4.6.19-20 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (2 paragraphs) | …dentity, by showing us the relation of cause and effect among our different perceptions" (T 1.4.6.19-20). Hume's discussio… |
| T 1.4.6.21 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.21 | …ance that is purported to connect our perceptions through time: no such substance exists (T 1.4.6.21). ## iv. personal … |
| T 1.4.6.19 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.19 | …in the future is nonetheless concerned with a set of "past or future pains or pleasures" (T 1.4.6.19). Hume limited the … |
| Treatise 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …a set of "past or future pains or pleasures" (T 1.4.6.19). Hume limited the discussion in Treatise 1.4.6 to the former quest… |
| T 2.1.5.2, 2 Citation pattern | T 2.1.5.2 | …rally evoke pleasure or pain in those who observe or contemplate them. (See, for example, T 2.1.5.2, 2.1.7.3-5, 3.1.2.3.) … |
| 3.1.2.3 Citation pattern | T 3.1.2.3 | …r pain in those who observe or contemplate them. (See, for example, T 2.1.5.2, 2.1.7.3-5, 3.1.2.3.) As sources of ple… |
| T 2.1.2.3, 2 Citation pattern | T 2.1.2 (2 paragraphs) | …chanism as a double relation (or sometimes as an "association") of impressions and ideas (T 2.1.2.3, 2.1.5.5, 10). The ple… |
| Treatise 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | … concern with the past that is a natural extension of the account of personal identity in Treatise 1.4.6. In light of this a… |
| T 2.3.2.5, 2 Citation pattern | T 2.3.2 (2 paragraphs) | …ed (at least sometimes) by the prospect of future pain or pleasure, punishment or reward (T 2.3.2.5, 2.3.3.3, 3.3.12). But… |
| T 2.3.2.4 Citation pattern | T 2.3.2.4 | …ion, and the inference from the one to the other, is "universally, tho' tacitly" allowed (T 2.3.2.4). Even in common li… |
| T 2.2.2.15, 19 Citation pattern | T 2.2.2 (2 paragraphs) | …eadily to their relations (to, that is, members of their family) and other acquaintances (T 2.2.2.15, 19). Further experienc… |
| T 2.1.11.2-8 Citation pattern | T 2.1.11 (7 paragraphs) | …, the operation of sympathy allows us to share (and thus to know) the feelings of others (T 2.1.11.2-8). The basic functio… |
| T 2.2.9.13 Citation pattern | T 2.2.9.13 | …, which neither belong to ourselves, nor at the present instant have any real existence. (T 2.2.9.13) The identificatio… |
| T 2.3.6.10, 2 Citation pattern | T 2.3.6 (2 paragraphs) | …e in the future requires that I trace a causal chain between myself and that future time (T 2.3.6.10, 2.3.7.2). The more re… |
| Treatise 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …entifies as its own. Hume addressed the first part of the problem of personal identity in Treatise 1.4.6, and the second par… |
| T App. 10-21 Citation pattern | Appendix (12 paragraphs) | …cussion in his Essay. Nevertheless, in twelve paragraphs of the Appendix to the Treatise (T App. 10-21) Hume famously expr… |
| Appendix.
21 Citation pattern | App. 21 | …the mistake to which Hume refers. 22 This section aims to clarify the issue raised by the Appendix. 21 On this account, se… |
| T App. 10 Citation pattern | App. 10 | …ss, I neither know how to correct my former opinions, nor how to render them consistent. (T App. 10) Hume goes on to s… |
| T App. 15 Citation pattern | App. 15 | …ut perceptions, so that "'Tis the composition of these, therefore, which forms the self" (T App. 15). Hume notes that t… |
| T App. 11 Citation pattern | App. 11 | …imilar to those that philosophers have already drawn with respect to external substances (T App. 1115, 19). 22 For rev… |
| T App. 20 Citation pattern | App. 20 | … At this juncture Hume remarks: "So far I seem to be attended with sufficient evidence" (T App. 20). What then prompts… |
| Treatise 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …then prompts him to have reservations about the account of personal identity presented in Treatise 1.4.6? When we turn to th… |
| Appendix 20 Citation pattern | App. 20 | …is own view - the source of his dissatisfaction is difficult to make out. Hume's focus in Appendix 20 and 21 is on the pr… |
| Appendix 10 Citation pattern | App. 10 | …om the moment of its publication. An answer to this question can be found by reexamining Appendix 10, the paragraph quot… |
| Treatise 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …reason can give of the material world." 24 This sentence refers to the first paragraph of Treatise 1.4.5, Of the immateriali… |
| 1.4.2 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2 (65 paragraphs) | …n the natural" world. Through that comment, it also refers indirectly to the arguments of 1.4.2, Of scepticism with… |
| 1.4.4 Citation pattern | T 1.4.4 (16 paragraphs) | …refers indirectly to the arguments of 1.4.2, Of scepticism with regard to the senses, and 1.4.4, Of the modern phil… |
| T 1.4.4.15 Citation pattern | T 1.4.4.15 | … 1.4.4, Of the modern philosophy, and to the summaries and comments on those arguments at T 1.4.4.15 and 1.4.7.3-5. Each… |
| 1.4.7.3-5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.7 (3 paragraphs) | …modern philosophy, and to the summaries and comments on those arguments at T 1.4.4.15 and 1.4.7.3-5. Each of these pass… |
| Treatise 1.4.2 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2 (65 paragraphs) | … of the imagination lead to contradictory results. The associations of ideas described in Treatise 1.4.2 lead to belief in t… |
| Treatise 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …bjects with continued and independent existence. The account of the intellectual world in Treatise 1.4.5, Of the immateriali… |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …d is nothing but perceptions, without an underlying substance. There is no need, then, in 1.4.5 to posit a feigned … |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | … feigned "double existence" resulting from adherence to two contrary principles. In fact, 1.4.5 presents a clever a… |
| Treatise 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …they cannot all inhere in either a material or an immaterial substratum. The argument of Treatise 1.4.6, Of personal identi… |
| 1.4.2 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2 (65 paragraphs) | … personal identity, however, reopens the problem of inconsistency. In this section, as in 1.4.2, the association of… |
| T 1.4.6.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.6 | …spite of all the variation in our perceptions over time. The structure of the argument in T 1.4.6.6 is the same as that… |
| T 1.4.2.31-43 Citation pattern | T 1.4.2 (13 paragraphs) | …r time. The structure of the argument in T 1.4.6.6 is the same as that of the argument in T 1.4.2.31-43. Consequently, the … |
| T 1.4.6.19-20 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (2 paragraphs) | …(3) once we have the idea of causation, we extend the chain of perceptions beyond memory (T 1.4.6.19-20). This progression … |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …T 1.4.6.19-20). This progression is the natural development of the position arrived at in 1.4.5, namely, that there… |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …re, and hence that the mind can be nothing but perceptions and their causal relations. In 1.4.5 and 1.4.6 Hume neve… |
| 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …nce that the mind can be nothing but perceptions and their causal relations. In 1.4.5 and 1.4.6 Hume never expresse… |
| T 1.3.9.13 Citation pattern | T 1.3.9.13 | …indoctrination artificially promote the belief in a future state of the soul after death (T 1.3.9.13). Initially, theref… |
| 1.4.5 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5 (42 paragraphs) | …. Initially, therefore, there did not appear to be a problem with the account embedded in 1.4.5 and 1.4.6. Unfortu… |
| 1.4.6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6 (24 paragraphs) | …y, therefore, there did not appear to be a problem with the account embedded in 1.4.5 and 1.4.6. Unfortunately, if… |
| T 1.4.2.51-2 Citation pattern | T 1.2.4 (3 paragraphs) | …up the opinion that resembling impressions are interrupted and different from each other (T 1.4.2.51-2). This leads to the… |
| Treatise 1.4.5-6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.1 to T 1.4.6.6 n50 (66 paragraphs) | …ions indicated that he had lost his confidence that philosophical arguments like those in Treatise 1.4.5-6 could counterbalanc… |
| T 1.4.5-6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.1 to T 1.4.6.6 n50 (66 paragraphs) | …ovides examples of the persistence of many of the main tenets Hume sought to establish in T 1.4.5-6, even in passages n… |
| T 1.3.14.12 Citation pattern | T 1.3.14.12 | …ppendix, of the impossibility of deriving the idea of power from the feeling of volition (T 1.3.14.12). By contrast, the … |
| T 1.3.14.12 Citation pattern | T 1.3.14.12 | …ven within the mind there is no stronger tie to be discovered among our perceptions. Both T 1.3.14.12 and the Enquiry agr… |
| T 1.4.5-6 Citation pattern | T 1.4.5.1 to T 1.4.6.6 n50 (66 paragraphs) | …gument of this section of the Enquiry supports many of the conclusions Hume argued for in T 1.4.5-6. Everything we know… |
| T 1.3.9.13 Citation pattern | T 1.3.9.13 | …e Treatise contains only a brief criticism of the belief in the soul's state after death (T 1.3.9.13). Section 11 of the… |
| Appendix 21 Citation pattern | App. 21 | …, 591-2). Two aspects of this passage are significant. First, contrary to Hume's claim in Appendix 21, the inherence of i… |
| T 1.4.6.19 Citation pattern | T 1.4.6.19 | …e each other," and give us a present concern for our "past or future pains or pleasures" (T 1.4.6.19). Underscoring this… |
| T 2.1.9.1 Citation pattern | T 2.1.9.1 | …ualities of both mind and body as parts of the self, and as causes of pride and humility (T 2.1.9.1). From the point of… |